Paradigm Generator

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Paradigm Generator

Indicative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltam	om t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltat	ot t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalteʃ	ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltəna	ona/ogəna t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltəda	oda/ogəda t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltət	ogət t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt

Indicative Simple Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltəm	ʃəm t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltət͡ɕ	ʃət͡ɕ t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalte	əʃ t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltna	əʃna t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltda	əʃda t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltət͡ɕ	əʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt

Indicative Simple Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənam	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən oməl
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənat	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən otəl
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən ogəl
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənːa	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən onal/ogənal
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənda	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən odal/ogədal
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənət	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən ogətəl

Indicative Compound Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltam əʎe	om t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltat əʎe	ot t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalteʃ əʎe	ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltəna əʎe	ona/ogəna t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltəda əʎe	oda/ogəda t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltət əʎe	ogət t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe

Indicative Compound Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltam ulmaʃ	om t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltat ulmaʃ	ot t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalteʃ ulmaʃ	ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltəna ulmaʃ	ona/ogəna t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltəda ulmaʃ	oda/ogəda t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltət ulmaʃ	ogət t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ

Indicative Compound Past III

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənam əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən oməl əʎe
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənat əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən otəl əʎe
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən ogəl əʎe
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənːa əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən onal/ogənal əʎe
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənda əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən odal/ogədal əʎe
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənət əʎe	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən ogətəl əʎe

Indicative Compound Past IV

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənam ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən oməl ulmaʃ
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənat ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən otəl ulmaʃ
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən ogəl ulmaʃ
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənːa ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənda ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltənət ulmaʃ	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən ogətəl ulmaʃ

Imperative

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt	it t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltʃe	ənʒe t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
1PL:	(t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltəna)	(ona/ogəna t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt)
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltsa	ida t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltəʃt	ənəʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt

Desiderative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltnem	ənem t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltnet	ənet t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltneʒe	əneʒ t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltnena	ənena t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltneda	əneda t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltneʃt	əneʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt

Desiderative Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltnem əʎe	ənem t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltnena əʎe	ənet t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltneʒe əʎe	əneʒ t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
1PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltnena əʎe	ənena t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltneda əʎe	əneda t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltneʃt əʎe	əneʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt əʎe

Desiderative Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltnet ulmaʃ	ənet t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ
3SG:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltneʒe ulmaʃ	əneʒ t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ
1PL:	/	/
2PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltneda ulmaʃ	əneda t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ
3PL:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltneʃt ulmaʃ	əneʃt t͡ɕyt͡ɕkalt ulmaʃ

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltaʃ
Necessitive infinitive:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltman
Active participle:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltʃe
Passive participle:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltme
Future-necessitive participle:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltʃaʃ
Negative participle:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltdəme
Affirmative instructive gerund:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltən
Negative gerund:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltde
Gerund of prior action:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltmek(e)
Gerund of future action:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltmeʃ(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltʃəla
Nominalization:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltmaʃ
Negative nominalization:	t͡ɕyt͡ɕkaltdəmaʃ


The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
Last update: 10 August 2023